Transformers are important when it comes to power distribution and regulation of voltage when it comes to so many different industries. There are different types of transformers and in this article, we will go through some of the common types you will come across.
The most common type
Of transformer you will come across is the power transformer and these are used in systems for transmitting and distributing power. These will step up or down the voltage levels of electricity so that it can be transmitted over long distances and distributed to people. These are quite large in size. Power transformers are designed to handle high power ratings and you can find these in power plants and substations where they are used to maintain stability of the grid and to ensure a reliable supply of electricity. The distribution transformers are designed to distribute electricity to houses and also commercial and industrial users. The voltage from high transmission levels will be stepped down using these transformers to lower distribution levels that are more suitable for consumption by the users at the other end of the supply. These distribution transformers are quite small in size compared to power transformers and you can find these mounted on utility poles. They are also installed in pad-mounted enclosures. Distribution transformers are used to supply electricity to homes and businesses so you will find them most often in urban areas.
Autotransformers
Tend to have single winding with connections at different points along the coil so that they can step up or step down voltages with a high level of efficiency. This will reduce losses compared to what you will find with traditional transformers. These are used in voltage regulation, power conversion applications and motor control. You may have heard of a Step Down Transformer and this is used to reduce voltage levels for distribution so that it can be safely consumed by end users. Step up transformers will increase the voltage levels so that electricity can be transmitted for a long distance. They are used in high voltage applications. You need to have both these transformers so that voltage stability can be maintained. They are instrumental in delivering power efficiently in electrical systems.
There are specialised transformers
As well and one such example is instrument transformers. These are used to measure and monitor electrical parameters like current and voltage. Some of the transformers included in this category are potential transformers and current transformers that will step down high voltages and currents to something much safer. And this allows the currents and the voltages to be used in control, metering and protection systems. You can find instrument transformers in electrical substations, utility systems and industrial plants. They allow for accurate measurement of electrical parameters and monitoring. Isolation transformers will provide electrical isolation between the input and output circuits. This is done to prevent the direct current flow. It will bring down the risks of electric shock and ground faults. You can find isolation transformers used in sensitive electronic equipment, audio systems and medical devices.
